What risk factor for child maltreatment should be included in nursing education?

Including a child with a cleft lip and palate as a risk factor for child maltreatment in nursing education is important because children with physical disabilities or health conditions can be more vulnerable to maltreatment. These vulnerabilities may arise due to social stigmas, increased healthcare needs, or potential for bullying, which could lead to isolation or negative attention from peers or caregivers.

Children with identifiable medical conditions may also experience a lack of understanding or acceptance from others, which can put them at a higher risk for emotional and psychological maltreatment. Additionally, parents or caregivers may struggle with the stress associated with caring for a child with special needs, which can escalate into neglect or abuse if they are unable to cope. Nurses need to recognize these risk factors so they can adequately assess the situation and advocate for the safety and well-being of these children.

In contrast, the other options provided do not indicate any heightened risk for maltreatment. Playing outside, attending school regularly, and participating in sports all usually reflect positive social engagement, developmental opportunities, and healthy activities that generally support a child's well-being.