Which medication is commonly administered during the acute phase of alcohol withdrawal?

The medication commonly administered during the acute phase of alcohol withdrawal is benzodiazepines, such as diazepam. This class of medications is effective in calming the central nervous system, which can become overactive during withdrawal, leading to symptoms such as anxiety, tremors, and even seizures. Diazepam works by enhancing the effects of the neurotransmitter GABA, which has inhibitory effects on neuronal excitability. Thus, it helps to alleviate withdrawal symptoms and prevent complications such as alcohol withdrawal seizures.

In the context of acute alcohol withdrawal, the use of diazepam is standard practice due to its rapid action and effectiveness in managing withdrawal symptoms. Other medications in this scenario, such as naltrexone, fluoxetine, and propranolol, are utilized for different purposes: naltrexone for alcohol dependence management, fluoxetine for depression or anxiety disorders, and propranolol more commonly for physical symptoms of anxiety or tremors rather than acute withdrawal management.